Thomas Christopher "Kip" McKinney
by J. Young
Events and Genealogy
Born: Thomas Christopher McKinney
Birthdate: March 19, 1856
Birthplace: Birdville, Texas
Marriage: Teresa Letitia Smith at Uvalde, Texas on June 24, 1883
Children:
Mary Minerva McKinney (1886-1976)
Pearl Arizona McKinney (1889-1973)
Otto Augustus McKinney (1891-1959)
Thomas Newton McKinney (1894-1964)
Clifton Leslie McKinney (1896-1975)
Curry Raymond McKinney (1898-1898)
Alvareta Letitia McKinney (1901-1982)
Lewis Thalis McKinney (1906-1980)
Death: September 20, 1915 at Carlsbad, NM
Cause of Death: Sarcoidosis (lung cancer)
Burial: Carlsbad Cemetery, Carlsbad, New Mexico
Thomas Christopher “Kip” McKinney was an accomplished young man, born on March 19, 1856, in Birdville, Texas. His parents were Minerva Margaret Bates and Thalis Newton McKinney. Kip was one of twelve siblings. In the mid 1870s, Kip and his father Thalis successfully drove a herd of cattle from Texas to Seven Rivers, New Mexico. According to reports, Kip briefly joined the Seven Rivers Warriors, a gang of rustlers, at Seven Rivers but subsequently returned to Texas in 1877. In the early 1880s, Kip served with confidence as both a Texas Ranger and Deputy U.S. Marshal.
Kip McKinney, was assigned to track rustlers across Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. Kip’s pursuit of horse thief Buck Edwards, led him and a posse to Edwards’ hideout at Rattlesnake Springs, New Mexico. A gunfight broke out, resulting in Kip killing Edwards.
Below is from the Las Vegas Gazette on Tuesday, May 17, 1881. "Rounding Up a Gang"--a Notorious Horse Thief Killed:
“On the evening of the 8th inst. , Deputy Sheriff Tom McKinney, of Roswell, shot and killed Bob Edwards, a notorious horse thief, who for the past two years has been slyly depredating in this country. Bob Edwards, after committing many crimes in southwestern Texas, was finally lodged in the town of Uvalde, Texas. By the assistance of his wife, who by her devotion to him in all his troubles has proved herself worth of a better husband, he effected his escape and came to this Territory (New Mexico). Since coming here, when not stealing himself, he was at his ranch on the Pensaco harboring thieves and taking care of their stolen property. Several months ago, he escaped from this Territory to Arizona with Sheriff McKinney close behind him. Two weeks ago, it was ascertained that Edwards, with four or five others, were making their way towards th lower Pecos with twenty-one head of horses, stolen from John Slaughters, at Tombstone, Arizona. Mr. McKinney was at once on the “qui-vive,”, and on Friday last, hearing that Edwards with his ill-gotten spoils was in the vicinity of Seven Rivers, he at once started for that point. Hastily gathering a posse, he put out for rock Arroyo, twenty miles below Seven Rivers, where he captured one of the band, whose name (Wheeler) I have not learned, and several head of horses. Leaving two men with the prisoner and captured horses, he hastened on to the Rattlesnakes Springs, on Black River (on the old California gold trail which was the only potable water for many many miles. It is now the water supply for Carlsbad Cavern National Park.) Here, while accompanied by one of his posse, he came suddenly on Edwards at Hank Harrison’s ranch. As soon as Edwards recognized McKinney, he opened fire on him with his Winchester at close range. “Mac” leaped from his horse and returned the fire with interest. At the second shot, he broke one of Edwards’ legs. Edwards dropped to the ground but continued firing. McKinney then sent a bullet through his brain and escaped unhurt. In a letter to A. H. Whetstone, of this place, Sheriff McKinney writes that he has been forced to kill Edwards, has captured another of the thieves and recovered ten head of horses. He expects to capture other of the thieves and about all the horses. Too much cannot be said in praise of Mr. McKinney for his good work. He started out almost alone, and accomplished unlooked-for-results. With such deputies as he, (Sheriff) Pat Garrett will soon bring order out of chaos in Lincoln County, NM.”
There is some speculation that Kip was in the posse that shot both Tom Folliard and Charlie Bowdre while capturing fugitives Dave Rudabaugh and Billy the Kid. Later that summer of 1881, Sheriff Pat Garrett of Lincoln County asked Kip as a deputy U.S. Marshal to aid in the ambush of Billy the Kid. Kip assisted Garrett and fellow deputy John Poe in investigating rumors of Billy the Kid’s presence. The trio rode to Fort Sumner and on July 14, Garrett allegedly shot and killed the Kid in The Maxwell House. While Garrett and Poe later provided their versions of events, Kip supposedly gave odd differing accounts of the night to friends and family.
By McKinney’s story, he, Garrett, and McKinney restrained Paulita Maxwell in order to lure Billy into the room where Garrett ambushed and shot him. Another version of events suggests that Kip himself mistakenly shot an unknown man, who was not Billy, and Garrett covered it up and took the fame. Lastly, Garrett misidentified a man on Pete Maxwell’s porch as Billy and killed him, allowing the real Kid to escape.
On June 24, 1883, Kip McKinney and Teresa Smith exchanged their vows in Uvalde, Texas. The couple built their home together and raised seven children. Kip’s dedication to human service led him to join the military in December 1898, where he was stationed in St. Louis. Kip’s service in the military began as a scout for wagon trains. In 1891, he was stationed at Fort Huachuca before serving as a guide in the Spanish-American War. Afterward, he worked as a miner and traveled throughout the southwest.
In 1914 Kip became sick with what he was told was sarcoidosis in the chest and in around October of that year moved to Carlsbad, NM. Tragically that next year, Thomas C. “Kip” McKinney passed away at age 59 of lung cancer at 3 a.m. on September 20, 1915, in Carlsbad, New Mexico at the “Mansion House”.
Kip McKinney’s character was later portrayed by actor Richard Jaeckel in Sam Peckinpah’s 1973 film Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid.
Census Reports
Uvalde Texas 1870
Uvalde Texas 1910
More on Kip coming soon!
Read about the events from July 14, 1881, as they were documented at the link below!
https://palsofbillythekidhistoricalsociety.com/the-last-three-months-billy-the-kid/
For more on Garrett follow the trail below!
https://palsofbillythekidhistoricalsociety.com/pat-garrett/